Please provide facts, not just rely on what the Indian auto industry says as I am quoting from a world-wide R&D on Battery-charged cars.Remember one thing, Indians never build a car and the auto-industry has just seen an upsurge in India in the last two decades, before that we had no choice just to opt for Hindustan Motors and Maruti Suzuki. There was no variation...
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:54:01 +0000
TR: You've driven an electric car before. What was that like? DS: I opened the sun roof, rolled down the windows, and I pulled out. It was like a magic carpet. You hear people laughing, talking, and you're interacting with the city. I returned the vehicle to the fellow at Boston Edison, and I came back here and said, "I've got to work harder. I've got to make this thing happen." The only reason that car isn't everywhere: it couldn't go more than 70 miles on a charge. But you make it 270, game over. Anybody who drives it will never go back to internal combustion.
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:49:49 +0000
Give your argument...An interview with M.I.T. Prof. Donald Sadoway From MIT’s Technology Review, Tuesday, November 22, 2005 “The Lithium Economy: Why hydrogen might not power future vehicles and lithium-based batteries might” By Kevin Bullis TR: How good can batteries get? DS: I think we could easily double [the energy capacity of] what we have right now. We have cells in the lab that, if you run the numbers for a thin-film cell of reasonable size, you end up with two to three times current lithium ion [batteries]. But there's more. The fantasy of all fantasies is chromium. If we could stabilize chromium [as a material for battery cathodes] and I could...give you a battery with 600-700 watts per kilogram [of energy capacity] with reasonable drain rate, that says good-bye hydrogen economy. contd~
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:49:07 +0000
Yes, in the point of view of less pollution. But low lifecycle and cost of storage batteries and poor conversion efficiency continues to be problems. The power for recharging the batteries are to be generated somewhere and so demand on electrical energy will increase and reduction in pollution by vehicles will add up in the generation stage. As technology improves, more efficient batteries and power systems will emerge, taking care of the current huddles. As oil reserves are depleting and cost increases multifold, finding alternate technology is a must.
By
Abraham Paul, Senior Telecom Consultant, FCOMNET- Future Groups
| 06 24 2011 08:47:03 +0000
Comparison The following table shows the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of several types of high-efficiency cars – including an efficiency estimate of the Tesla Roadster – based on the measured performance prototypes. TechnologyExample CarSource FuelWell-to-Station EfficiencyVehicle MileageVehicle EfficiencyWell-to-Wheel EfficiencyNatural Gas EngineHonda CNGNatural Gas86.0%35 mpg0.37 km/MJ0.318 km/MJHydrogen Fuel CellHonda FCXNatural Gas61.0%64 m/kg0.57 km/MJ0.348 km/MJDiesel EngineVW Jetta DieselCrude Oil90.1%50 mpg0.53 km/MJ0.478 km/MJGasoline EngineHonda Civic VXCrude Oil81.7%51 mpg0.63 km/MJ0.515 km/MJHybrid (Gas/Electric)Toyota PriusCrude Oil81.7%55 mpg0.68 km/MJ0.556 km/MJElectricTesla RoadsterNatural Gas52.5%110 Wh/km2.18 km/MJ1.145 km/MJWell
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:46:49 +0000
Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Cars Hydrogen does not exist in nature except as part of more complex compounds such as natural gas (CH4) or water (H2O). The most efficient way to produce large quantities of hydrogen today is by reforming natural gas. For new plants, the well-to-tank efficiency of hydrogen produced from natural gas, including generation, transportation, compression, is estimated to be between 52% and 61% efficient.13 The upper limit of efficiency for a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell is 50%14. The output of the fuel cell is electricity for turning a drive motor, and we can assume the same 2.53 km/MJ vehicle efficiency as with the electric car. With these numbers, we can calculate the well-to-wheel energy efficiency for our hydrogen fuel-cell car: 2.53 km/MJ x 50% x 61% = 0.77 km/MJ. This is impressive when compared to a gasoline car, though it is 32% worse than our electric car. But real fuel-cell cars do not perform nearly this well. Several car companies have produced a small number of demonstration fuel-cell cars, and the EPA has rated the efficiency of some of these. The best fuel-cell demonstration car measured by the EPA is the Honda FCX, which gets about 49 miles per kilogram of hydrogen,15 equal to 80.5 kilometers per kilogram. We know that the energy content of hydrogen is 141.9 MJ/kg,16 so we can calculate the vehicle efficiency to be 80.5 km/kg / 141.9 MJ/kg = 0.57 km/MJ. (Clearly, the Honda fuel cell is nowhere near the theoretical 50% efficiency assumed above.) When we calculate the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of this Honda experimental car, we get 0.57 km/MJ x 61% = 0.35 km/MJ, not even as good as the ordinary diesel Volkswagen Jetta, let alone the gasoline-powered Honda Civic VX or the Honda Insight hybrid car. However, some proponents of hydrogen fuel cells argue that it would be better to produce hydrogen through electrolysis of water. The well-to-tank efficiency of hydrogen made through electrolysis is only about 22%,17 and the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of our theoretical fuel-cell car would be 2.53 km/MJ x 50% x 22% = 0.28 km/MJ, and the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of the Honda FCX would be 0.57 km/MJ x 22% = 0.12 km/MJ, even less efficient than a Porsche Turbo. Even with the $1.2 billion U.S. government initiative to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil by developing hydrogen-powered fuel cells, a recent report by a panel at the National Academy of Sciences shows that Americans should not hold their breath waiting for the cars to arrive in showrooms. "In the best-case scenario, the transition to a hydrogen economy would take many decades, and any reductions in oil imports and carbon dioxide emissions are likely to be minor during the next 25 years," said the Academy.18 Comparison contd~
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:45:02 +0000
The most efficient ordinary gasoline car made was the 1993 Honda Civic VX, which was EPA-rated at 51 mpg for combined city and highway driving.4 Converting to metric, this car was rated at 21.7 kilometers per liter of gasoline. Thus, its efficiency is 21.7 km/l / 42 MJ/l = 0.52 km/MJ. Keep in mind that the Honda Civic VX got about twice the gas mileage of typical cars – a car like a Toyota Camry is rated around 0.28 km/MJ. 5 Hybrid Cars All hybrid cars available today have no provision to charge their batteries except by using energy that is ultimately generated by their gasoline engines. This means that they may be considered, from a pollution and energy efficiency perspective, to be nothing more than somewhat more efficient gasoline cars. If the EPA-certified gas mileage for such a car is 51 mpg, this is exactly the same as an ordinary gasoline car that gets 51 mpg. (If a hybrid car could recharge its batteries by plugging in when at home, and if its batteries held enough charge for a meaningful drive, this would not be true.) The most efficient hybrid car is the 2005 Honda Insight, which gets 63 mpg for combined city and highway driving.6 Using similar math as we used for the Civic VX above, the Insight’s well-to-wheel energy efficiency is 0.64 km/MJ. The famous Toyota Prius is EPA-rated to get 55 mpg in combined city-highway driving, for an energy efficiency of 0.56 km/MJ.7 Electric Cars Even with tires and gearing optimized for performance (rather that absolute efficiency), the Tesla Roadster only consumes about 110 watt-hours (0.40 mega-joules) of electricity from the battery to drive a kilometer, or 2.53 km/MJ. 8 The energy cycle (charging and then discharging) of the lithium-ion batteries in the Tesla Roadster is about 86% efficient. This means that for every 100 mega-joules of electricity used to charge such a battery, only 86 mega-joules of electricity are available from the battery to power the car’s motor. Thus, the “electrical-outlet-to-wheel” energy efficiency of the Tesla Roadster is 2.53 km/MJ x 86% = 2.18 km/MJ. The most efficient way to produce electricity is with a “combined cycle” natural gas-fired electric generator. (A combined cycle generator combusts the gas in a high-efficiency gas turbine, and uses the waste heat of this turbine to make steam, which turns a second turbine – both turbines turning electric generators.) The best of these generators today is the General Electric “H-System” generator, which is 60% efficient,9 which means that 40% of the energy content of the natural gas is wasted in generation. Natural gas recovery is 97.5% efficient, and processing is also 97.5% efficient.10 Electricity is then transported over the electric grid, which has an average efficiency of 92%,11 giving us a “well-to-electric-outlet” efficiency of 60% x 92% x 97.5% x 97.5% = 52.5%. Taking into account the well-to-electric-outlet efficiency of electricity production and the electrical-outlet-to-wheel efficiency of the Tesla Roadster, the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of the Tesla Roadster is 2.18 km/MJ x 52.5% = 1.14 km/MJ, or double the efficiency of the Toyota Prius.12 contd~
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:42:54 +0000
Gasoline Cars In this section, we will calculate the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of a normal gasoline-powered car. First, let’s take gasoline’s energy content, which is 46.7 MJ/kg,1 or 34.3 MJ/l.2 Second, we know that production of the gas and its transportation to the gas station is on average 81.7% efficient,3 meaning that 18.3% of the energy content of the crude oil is lost to production and transportation. Third, 34.3 MJ/l / 81.7% = 42 MJ/l; 42 mega-joules of crude oil are needed to produce one liter of gasoline at the gas pump. contd~
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:40:45 +0000
Please check this out with your wide eyes:- The 21st Century Electric Car Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning Tesla Motors Inc. 6 October 2006 The electric car, once the “zero-emissions” darling of environmentalists, is sometimes maligned as an “emissions-elsewhere” vehicle, since the electricity to charge its batteries must be generated in electrical generation plants that produce emissions. This is a reasonable point, but we must then ask how much pollution an electric car produces per mile – accounting for all emissions, starting from the gas or oil well where the source fuel is extracted, all the way to the final consumption of electricity by the car’s motor. When we work through the numbers, we find that the electric car is significantly more efficient and pollutes less than all alternatives. In this paper, we will investigate the Tesla Roadster™, which uses commodity lithium-ion batteries instead of lead-acid batteries or nickel-metal-hydride batteries as most electric cars have used. Not only does this lithium-ion–based car have extremely high well-to-wheel energy efficiency and extremely low well-to-wheel emissions, it also has astonishing performance and superior convenience. Lithium ion batteries are a lot more difficult to use than previous technologies; this is the reason that they have not so far been used in electric cars. Tesla Motors is spending a lot of effort making a safe, light, and durable lithium ion battery system. Over time, Tesla will probably put tens of millions into pack and cell features and optimization. However – as this paper will show, the energy and power density of lithium ion batteries make this effort very worthwhile. An interview with M.I.T. Prof. Donald Sadoway From MIT’s Technology Review, Tuesday, November 22, 2005 “The Lithium Economy: Why hydrogen might not power future vehicles and lithium-based batteries might” By Kevin Bullis TR: How good can batteries get? DS: I think we could easily double [the energy capacity of] what we have right now. We have cells in the lab that, if you run the numbers for a thin-film cell of reasonable size, you end up with two to three times current lithium ion [batteries]. But there's more. The fantasy of all fantasies is chromium. If we could stabilize chromium [as a material for battery cathodes] and I could...give you a battery with 600-700 watts per kilogram [of energy capacity] with reasonable drain rate, that says good-bye hydrogen economy. TR: You've driven an electric car before. What was that like? DS: I opened the sun roof, rolled down the windows, and I pulled out. It was like a magic carpet. You hear people laughing, talking, and you're interacting with the city. I returned the vehicle to the fellow at Boston Edison, and I came back here and said, "I've got to work harder. I've got to make this thing happen." The only reason that car isn't everywhere: it couldn't go more than 70 miles on a charge. But you make it 270, game over. Anybody who drives it will never go back to internal combustion. Energy Efficiency To compute the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of any car, we start with the energy content of the source fuel (e.g. coal, crude oil or natural gas) as it comes from the ground. We then track the energy content of this fuel as it is converted to its final fuel product (e.g. gasoline or electricity), subtracting the energy needed to transport the fuel to the car. Finally, we use the fuel efficiency of the car itself (e.g. its advertised mpg) to complete the equation. All fuels can be described in terms of the energy per unit of mass. In this paper, we will express the energy content of fuels in terms of mega-joules per kilogram (MJ/kg). Well-to-wheel efficiency is then expressed in terms of kilometers driven per mega-joule (km/MJ) of source fuel consumed – a higher number is better. contd~
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:39:28 +0000
Of course, just imagine yourself, a car running on electric charged batteries and the car running on fuel, man, you should do yourself a little bit of recon on this particularly when our NATURE IS AT STAKE, pollution and the displacement of the earth's crust is a major disaster we will encounter in a few years from now. It is the Oil lobby which has a stake at the battery part of a fuel injected car. It has been proven earlier that an electric car can ran faster than a fuel car or is at par .without emitting any carbon-monoxide into the air ..:)
By
konkan SINGHA, Head- Talent Acquisition (IT), OptedJobs
| 06 24 2011 08:25:47 +0000
For once it would be great idea to run the vehicles from electric...and of course we have to shift to any alternatives not exactly electric but more capable resource.
By
Pankaj Gupta, RO, American Express
| 06 21 2011 19:02:47 +0000
Yes, electric vehicles are better than those running on fuel. Main advantage is reduction in air pollution. If the charging of the batteries is done with the help of electricity generated by non-conventional source, e.g. solar enery etc., then saving of conventional fuel is another big advantage. Electrc vehicles are having some practical problems such as low running speed, frequent charging etc. But scientists are on the job to resolve these problems. My children (students) are jointly working to develope a prototype model. They are trying to utilise wind enery for charging of the batteries when the electric vehile is in motion. This will increase efficiency of the vehicle and the discharging time of the batteries will be more. I have mentioned this here just to point out that even students are serious regarding this subject.
By
U Shankar, Manager
| 04 28 2011 10:17:18 +0000
@mohammad sir if you have been following Formula 1 raaces you would have noticed the new Kerbs system which recharges itself. Formula 1 is proving to be a good testing ground for these technologies
By
Sarabjeet Singh Johar, BMS student, Mumbai University
| 04 27 2011 04:49:29 +0000
Necessity is the mother of Invention. In the earlier days man was travelling in bullock and cart.If you consider this than petrol/diesel/gas is an expensive and polluted mode of travel.BUT here the question is exhausting the natural fuel and journey is too long to complete.
By
ketan natubhai vakil, M.D., Aatham Polyester.
| 04 26 2011 14:04:48 +0000
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Electronic wastes are more hazardous than the other conventional fuel because the electric source for the vehicle like battery contains non-biodegradable pollutants as well as serious toxins that can make a land go infertile for ages but the petroleum products are biological and do pollute environment but that is temporary and amendable or controllable by taking measures but on the other hand the chemical and toxins out of a battery are filled with stubbornness and create irrecoverable and irreversible damage for ages.
By
Ardhendu Pal, Upgrading Knowledge Base, Researching in Computer Software/Hardware
| 06 24 2011 20:15:13 +0000
the electricity or fuel are being generated by natural resources since we does not hav electricty in many rural areas so firstly provide to them who does not hav and does not generate much electricity for other use.we hav to take bio gas in use so that it does not harm environment and humans also.
By
pragati parihar, MBA/PGDM student, banasthali university,jaipur
| 06 21 2011 19:32:58 +0000
we have to increase share of renewables in total electricity production, still this is uneconomical because from plant to utility losses are too much. Battery replacement cost often overlooked.
By
Jagdish Kisan Dalavi, M.Tech(Energy) student
| 05 01 2011 08:51:35 +0000
if on geoelectric current then preferably yes,but cost of generation is still high in india....so no way ...
By
Suyashi , HR Recruiter/Consultant
| 04 27 2011 11:11:33 +0000
Thanks,Farah for referral. I agree with you on both count. A little bit of modification has to be done to improve the performance of battery.The battery should continuously charge while driving.If this is possible,this car can revolutionize the auto world market.
By
Mohammad Bakhsh, Project Leader/Managing Consultant, Freelancer
| 04 26 2011 10:52:04 +0000
You are right Ms. Farah. These cars consume fossil or atomic or any other fuel indirectly. The fuel cell tech. has to develop for mass production, at least CVs in the first phase. That is the only solution to bank on for real pollution control at large scale from automobiles.
By
Tata V.S. Kameswara Rao, Proprietor, Deals-on-Wheels
| 04 26 2011 08:40:22 +0000
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