How to create structures which can withstand Nature's disaster?

In many parts of the world, it is essential to construct structures which can withstand earthquakes. Earthquakes are unexpected and no one can prevent the damages it does. However, building structures which are resistant to such disasters can at least help to save those lives which get buried under the concrete and die due to earthquakes. However, in order to build such structures, a lot of effort and research is needed and a lot of work from a geotechnical consultant or geotechnical consultants who can analyze rock and soil and provide suggestions regarding the type of foundation on which the building is constructed and the effect natural disasters will have on them.

Commercial structures are generally comprised of concrete and metal. These are the two materials which have many advantages over the other types of material which were used in the past. These materials are strong, durable and can create structures that will last for a very long time. These inorganic materials are not vulnerable to rot and are not affected by any kinds of mould or fungi. However, when it comes to withstanding force from earthquakes, metal is the material which is preferred by most builders and contractors.

Those buildings which are built to withstand earthquakes are constructed in a flexible manner. These buildings will move when earthquakes strike, but will not break. Building structures out of concrete means that the building will collapse due to the cracks which are caused by the earthquakes. The different types of metal can easily bend and are flexible and when they are used in building structures, they sway when hit by an earthquake but do not collapse. Metal supports used in construction can improve the chances of the structure withstanding an earthquake.

There are a number of different types of metals that can be used to construct earthquake resistant structures. These include steel and steel rebar which are strong and has a great flexing ability. When these materials are used, it lessens the chances of the structure to collapse or crack under stress. The damage which earthquakes cause is dependent on the intensity of the disaster and steel buildings can reduce the amount the damage done. These structures are generally different from the ones that were built earlier and contain more support on the bottom floor. Previously, buildings contained more support on the higher levels but after investigation, scientists revealed that many buildings collapse because the bottom level does not have enough support to withstand stress.

Steel buildings are quite popular nowadays and most of the constructions which take place nowadays make use of steel material. There are many benefits which steel offers and the most significant one is the number of lives it can save during an earthquake. However, it should also be noted that it is impossible to make a structure that is hundred percent earthquakes resistant. The damage done by natural disasters will depend on its intensity and such structures can only provide protection to a certain limits. Such structures can withstand only considerable amount of force.

Good foundation and well connected frame with  many number of columns and beams.

the str shud have base isolation, with viscous dampers. the str shud be symme thetry in both plan and elevation. if  the str tall----steel ideal material, it is short---- timber is the best material----avoid eccentric loads---eccentric cladding, short column effect.  

Engineer's & Constructor's should build biuldings that are more than three storey's earthquake resistant. Thus these buildings should have the capacity to bear a quake measuring 7.0 or more in scale. More over builds should be made in such a fashion that it will save lives even though it collapses

To built superbuilt structure by keeping allowable margin with due consideration of earthquake Zone data

I think Japan is one country, who have succesfully developed Nature's Dissaster Management Systems. For decades now they are successfully constructing buildings that can sustain the nature's disaster. We Indians need to come out of the shell and start accepting new technologies & new materials. We are still working on age old technologies and materials. We will also have to change many definitions.