How to prevent structure collapse?

Structures are to collapse either at expiry or due to calamities. The design should include mesures so that a structure before collapsing gives enough alert. For example many designers prefer to under reinforce a structure (particularly a tension member). It gives enough alerts such as cracking etc before it collapse. If you over reinforce, the structure will not fail due to tension. But when fails due to failure of compression it collapses suddenly.

Now a days structures failure i.e)sudden collapse are occuring due to earthquake especially in foreign countries,the main reason for this happening is design calculations,cosideration & analysis of safe bearing capacity of soil,earth quake & wind load,bcoz sudden failure of structures in compression member likely buckling of column happens rarely,poor quality or workmanship if we reinforce steel 75% out of 100%, structure will not collapse immediately in tension member or compression member

Thanks&regards,

P.VIMALAN

In many western countries a supercritical drying process was developed to eliminate the capillary forces naturally present during normal drying of photo resist materials. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), organic solvents and surfactants were used to prevent the collapse of high-aspect-ratio structures. And this has increased the strength of the structure and helps in preventing structure collapse.