| Topic : What is life ? Can you explain it ? |
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last activity : 09 13 2011 05:40:13 +0000
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I wrote this piece last year. Unfortunately I don't have the URL of the newspaper which published it.
DOES SOUL HAVE WEIGHT?
By Rajeev Sharma
What is soul? What happens to the soul after death? Does the soul have a mass or weight?
Different religions describe the soul differently. Christianity’s view of the soul can be found in the Old Testament and the New Testament. Sample the following quotes from the Old Testament:"Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it" (Ecclesiastes 12:7) and "And the LORD God formed man [of] the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul." (Genesis 2:7).The New Testament says “And so it is written, the first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam [was made] a quickening spirit." (1 Corinthians 15:45). Islam too recognizes the existence of the soul as a hadith reported by Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud says that the soul is put in the embryo 40 days after fertilization takes place.
Hinduism has discussed the subject threadbare. Perhaps no other major religion has dealt with the subject more exhaustively and comprehensively than Hinduism. Great Hindu sacred text The Mahabharata has an integral component -- the Bhagwad Gita – which has given a memorable description of the soul. The quintessential thought in the Gita on the subject of soul is as follows. For the soul there is neither birth nor death at any time. The soul has not come into being, does not come into being, and will not come into being. The soul is unborn, indestructible, immutable, eternal, ever-existing and primeval. The soul can never be cut to pieces by any weapons, nor burned by fire, nor moistened by water, nor withered by the wind.
Mandukya Upanishad verse 7 offers the following very illuminating description of the soul: "Not inwardly cognitive, not outwardly cognitive, not both-wise cognitive, not a cognition-mass, not cognitive, not non-cognitive, unseen, with which there can be no dealing, ungraspable, having no distinctive mark, non-thinkable, that cannot be designated, the essence of the assurance of which is the state of being one with the Self, the cessation of development, tranquil, benign, without a second (a-dvaita)—[such] they think is the fourth. That is the Self. That should be discerned."
Modern researchers have even turned their attention to the weighty matters of the soul, literally speaking. More than hundred years ago – or in 1907, to be precise – Dr. Duncan MacDougall of Massachusetts conducted a weird experiment which became famous as the ’21 grams’ experiment. Dr Macdougall conducted his experiment with the help of six dying patients placed in specially designed beds and concluded that something, indeed, leaves the body at the moment of death. Dr Macdougall’s experiments showed that that something weighs about 21 grams. Dr Macdougall ensured that each especially desgined bed was weighed so that any loss of fluids from urine or the bowels at the moment of death would still be weighed because the material would remain on the bed. Dr Macdougall carried out the same experiment with 15 dogs and came up with a controversial and questionable finding that there was no change in the weight of the bodies of the dogs at the moment of their death.
Dr. MacDougall's findings were blown into smithereens by his fellow Massachusetts doctor Augustus P. Clarke years later. Dr Clarke said Dr MacDougall did not consider the sudden rise in body temperature at death when the blood stops being air-cooled via its circulation through the lungs. Dr Clarke came up with a formidable argument: the sweating and moisture evaporation caused by this rise in body temperature accounts for the drop in the men's weight as well as the dogs' failure to register any decline in weight for the simple reason that dogs do not have sweat glands (that is why to cool themselves dogs keep huffing and panting with their tongues outside). Donald Gilbert Carpenter, in his 1998 book about soul-weighing (Physically Weighing the Soul) joined issue with Dr Macdougall and argued that the reason the dogs and the mice might have shown no weight loss at death could be because their souls are too light and below the scales' detection thresholds.
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Dear Amit & All As we all know, Our Body(Sharir) Consists of 5 Elements (EARTH, WATER, AGNI, SKY & AIR), Now we should learn - WHAT IS ATMA, WHERE IT EXISTS, HOW IT IS DIFFERENT FROM PRAN(LIFE) Our body has several Layers like ONION, the Outer Body is STHUL SHARIR(BODY), the 2nd Layer is Sukshma (Invisible) Sharir (Body) & the Third Layer is KARAN Sharir which is in Existence because of our Unfulfilled Desires & Wishes and Inside the KARAN SHARIR is the most important ATMA, A Small Fraction of Almighty GOD (PARMATMA).... The MOST Omnipresent, Omnipotent & Omnisciencent PRAN(LIFE ENERGY) & ATMAN ARE QUITE DIFFERENT... 1. As described earlier that our Body has 4 Layers - Sthul, Sukshma, Karan & Atma 2. STHUL(PHYSICAL) SHARIR(BODY) needs Life(PRAN) to continue its Existence... Till PRAN(LIFE ENERGY) is associated with our body, our Body can act, move, think & all other good or bad works.. 3. PRAN(LIFE ENERGY) is associated with the OUTERMOST LAYER i.e.,STHUL SHARIR, whereas ATMA(SOUL) is inside the KARAN SHARIR (WHICH IS IN EXISTENCE BECAUSE OF DESIRES & WISHES) 4. The ATMA(SOUL) or PARMATMA(SUPER SOUL) is beyond our Understanding, but Thousands of Rishis, Sadhus, Mahatmas & Munis after years of their PRAYERS, TAPA, YOG, SADHANA & BHAKTI have made it easier for us to understand the PARMATMA(GOD) a little bit.... 5. ATMA & PARMATMA are Weightless, Talking in terms of Weight is quite Absurd, Do we ask what is the weight of Laugh in grams, what is the length of Happiness in Meters, what is the volume of BHAKTI in Litres etc...., Similarly to talk about ATMAN in terms of grams is Absolutely Absurd...... नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः। न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः।। nainam chindanti śastrāNi nainam dahati pāvakah. na cainam kledayantyāpo na śoshayati mārutah.. इस उपयुर्क्त आत्माको शस्त्र नहीं काटते, अभिप्राय यह कि अवयवरहित होनेके कारण तलवार आदि शस्त्र इसके अन्गोंके टुकडे़ नहीं कर सकते। वैसे ही अग्नि इसको जला नहीं सकता अर्थात् अग्नि भी इसको भस्मीभूत नहीं कर सकता। जल इसको भिगो नहीं सकता. क्योंकि सावयव वस्तुको ही भिगोकर उसके अन्गोंको पृथक्-पृथक् कर देनेमें जलकी सामर्थ्य है. निरवयव आत्मामें ऐसा होना सम्भव नहीं। उसी तरह वायु आर्द्र् द्रव्यका गीलापन शोषण करके उसको नष्ट करता है अतः वह वायु भी इस स्व-स्वरूप आत्माका शोषण नहीं कर सकता। The so described aatman cannot be harmed by weapons - and since it is formless and shapeless - it cannot be cut into pieces by any instrument. In the same way, fire cannot burn it or destroy it. Water cannot wet it because water can only act on elements which have a physical description or dimension. For the same reason, wind cannot dry it or exert any force on it. Thus the aatman is beyond the influence of all the three primary forces (fire, water and wind) which can affect entities having physical form and description. Soul has no mass & it is not influenced by Gravitational Forces, so Weight of Soul is NOT Possible at all. (Weight = Mass X Gravitational Force), Mass Value of Soul = 0, Gravitational Force = 0, So Weight of Soul has to be Zero. Even the Combined weight of Millions of Sperms(Spermatozoon)& Ovum will not be 21 Grams.... Here we are talking about Soul (ATMAN), it is quite different from Sukshma Sharira, Basically Sukshma Sharir has KARAN(Unfulfilled Desires & Wishes) and Inside the KARAN exists the Most Important ATMAN, The MOST Omnipresent, Omnipotent & Omnisciencent ... a SMALL Fraction of PARMATMA. So, Amit, Plz tell me where the Mass is involved, even in Fine Atomic Level... and we all know that WEIGHT = MASS X GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, Where Mass of Soul = 0 & Gravitational Force = 0, So the Weight of Soul has to be Zero.