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last activity : 07 06 2010 20:18:04 +0000
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Pricing products at costs maximizes the profits as shown below,
Profit (∏)= Revenue(R) – Cost(C )
To maximize profit one differentiates with respect to Quantity (Q) and equate the above equation to 0.
ie; (dR/dQ )– (dC/dQ) = 0= Marginal Revenue – Marginal cost.
So when Marginal revenue is equal to Marginal cost Profit gets maximized. So products must be prized at cost.
For example if Variable cost is V and fixed cost is F then product cost = V+F.
If X is the total products sold
Then X(V+F) is the revenue
Then Contribution margin is = X(V-F) – total variable cost
Break even point where one realizes the fixed cost or overhead = Contribution margin/ F which is the number of products that must be sold to realize the incurred fixed cost.
If the demand for a product is very high then the breakeven point can be extended by reducing F on each product which will reduce the cost of the product and which is the principle behind sale discounts offered by companies
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