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Top 10 things to know about network administration by Abhishek Tiwari, Network Admin/System Admin, STPL INC.

Top 10 things to know about network administration

By : Abhishek Tiwari, Network Admin/System Admin, STPL INC.
Industry : Technology Consulting Functional Area : New Technologies
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Top

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Network Administration

Activity:  7 comments  1445 views  last activity : 05 18 2011 19:58:56 +0000
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  1. The OSI model: Memorize it. It's almost a cliché, but understanding it is critical.
  2. TCP/IP concepts: Learn to think in binary and get a firm grasp on bitmasks, subnetting, gateways (like the "default gateway") and how addresses are constructed (the network portion, the host portion, etc).
  3. Stacks: Read about how the network stack is implemented on hosts. Get a good feel for what each component (the NIC, firmware, device drivers, the OS, etc) is responsible for. Once you understand this, troubleshooting is easy.
  4. Layer 2: Learn how switches operate and how they're different from hubs and routers. Understand bridging, and get a general idea of what Spanning Tree Protocol does. Learn the difference between a collision domain and a broadcast domain, and then study VLANs.
  5. Routing: Learn a routing protocol. Start with RIP, because it's easy. You don't need to be a guru, just get a general idea about how routers can exchange information about the network.
  6. Services: Understand the role of DNS and DHCP and WINS and know their alternatives, like the host and lmhost files and static addressing.
  7. Find yourself some good networking reference material. Whatis.com is a great for deciphering arcane acronyms.
  8. Security: Read a little about how firewalls operate and other security technologies like VPNs. Understand the difference between authentication, authorization and accounting.
  9. Output: Learn how to get status and information out of your networking devices. A good place to start is with the "show" commands (which will be featured in next week's tip).
  10. Finally, do a walkthrough: follow data as it goes from one application to another. How does it get from the application, to being segmented, packetized, framed, and routed? How does your computer know what IP address to send the packet to? (DNS) How does it know what MAC address to send it to? (ARP) How does it know how big to make the frame? (MTU) How does a switch know which port to forward your packet out on? (FDB) How does a router know which interface to use? (routing table) If you can answer these questions, you're well on your way to being competent and productive.
 Top Comment : ravindra shrivastava   | 03 13 2010 10:03:31 +0000
Following are the basic tips for administering a computer network. 1. If you are preparing a new system, make sure that you are using the best installation source such as an installation CD. After installing the operating system, also install up-to-date antivirus program such as Norton antivirus, Trend Micro, McAfee, Panda Antivirus or any other antivirus program of your choice. 2. After completing the installation process of all the networking computers, test your network for the performance, speed and security. 3. Keep your network design simple and segment your network in different sections so that it would be easy to isolate a faulty component of the network. 4. Regularly upgrade your network computers with the latest antivirus definitions, software patches and other security measures. 5. Purchase a planned hardware for your network and make a documentation of your hardware and software inventory. 6. Only install the required software applications on your server and networking computers. Any kind of unauthorized software or web based application can become source of viruses and other malicious codes from the internet. 7. Define network IP address, crate user accounts, create user material and keep the resources closer to the user. 8. Train your IT staff as well as all the users and warn them about any unauthorized activities. 9. Administer the access to the internet and put a tight security restriction on the unauthorized internet usage and block all the unwanted ports and web based application access. 10. Secure your gateway computer or proxy server as much as possible because gateway is directly exposed to the internet. 11. Mirror your hard disk. 12. Structure your network. 13. Being a network administrator, always research and test new network technologies and trends.
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7 comments on "Top 10 things to know about network administration"
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  Commented by  Rajmohan, Network Admin/System Admin, NIIT    | 01 26 2011 19:13:57 +0000
Rating : -1  
buddy just follow OSI and it will lead thriugh the path,All problems will be solved as u go up the ladder of OSI.And make sure u have basic network tools too:)
  Commented by  Vijay, Assistant Professor, UNYT    | 07 13 2010 21:44:29 +0000 
Hi,
 This is very useful for me as a new Network Admin, however my project work is to build some thing like Education+Research network of India. Could you please suggest me any site for help or forum which is useful in building Enterprise level EDUCATIONAL Networks and maintaining several Network Operating Centers and Data Centers. I highly appreciate if you could share any pdf version of documentation related to above project.

regards,
raju.
  Commented by  ravindra shrivastava, Information Systems(MIS)-Manager, iifs pvt ltd    | 03 13 2010 10:03:31 +0000
Rating : +1  
Following are the basic tips for administering a computer network.

1. If you are preparing a new system, make sure that you are using the best installation source such as an installation CD. After installing the operating system, also install up-to-date antivirus program such as Norton antivirus, Trend Micro, McAfee, Panda Antivirus or any other antivirus program of your choice.
2. After completing the installation process of all the networking computers, test your network for the performance, speed and security.
3. Keep your network design simple and segment your network in different sections so that it would be easy to isolate a faulty component of the network.
4. Regularly upgrade your network computers with the latest antivirus definitions, software patches and other security measures.
5. Purchase a planned hardware for your network and make a documentation of your hardware and software inventory.
6. Only install the required software applications on your server and networking computers. Any kind of unauthorized software or web based application can become source of viruses and other malicious codes from the internet.
7. Define network IP address, crate user accounts, create user material and keep the resources closer to the user.
8. Train your IT staff as well as all the users and warn them about any unauthorized activities.
9. Administer the access to the internet and put a tight security restriction on the unauthorized internet usage and block all the unwanted ports and web based application access.
10. Secure your gateway computer or proxy server as much as possible because gateway is directly exposed to the internet.
11. Mirror your hard disk.
12. Structure your network.
13. Being a network administrator, always research and test new network technologies and trends.
 
great, helps me with 640-802 exam...thanks
  Commented by  Vinish Kumar, Support Executive, SBN TechnoLogics Pvt. Ltd.    | 05 28 2009 06:46:23 +0000 
Hi Abhishek,

Excellent guideline for network admin wannabe's. 
Cheers! 

Vinish.
  Commented by  Rohini Kaushal, HR Executive, Etech, Inc pvt ltd    | 05 16 2009 12:21:23 +0000 
Hi Abhishek,

Thanks for shedding light on this prospect.

Regards,
Rohini.
  Commented by  Abhishek Tiwari, Network Admin/System Admin, STPL INc.    | 01 24 2009 09:37:45 +0000
Rating : +1  
This is usefull
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