YOUTH HAVE some responsibility towards their country. We need to learn from yesterday and live with hope for a better tomorrow. We can learn from our past how the young warriors shed their blood for the country.

"Hesitating to act because the whole vision might not be achieved,

Or because others do not yet share it, is an attitude that hinders progress."

It was with these words that Ashutosh Gowarikar made Swadesh, India’s first mainstream commercial film with its heart in the right place, when it talks about serving the nation. Yes, we have heard about Shahrukh Khan’s realistic portrayal of Mohan Bhargava, the project manager working with NASA who comes back to India, only to face ground realities.

Shahrukh’s was just a role, a performance. But, there are many inspiring performances and roles played by real life heroes - Indians who served the nation to make it what it is today.

It takes just a minute or few seconds to expose intelligent humans to the most inevitable and powerful truth in life but it takes years to prove the same.

And hey, we are alive and powerful. So let’s look around and listen to that cry of mother India, which is unheard. Choose your role and act appropriately.

The human heart has a mass of between 250 and 350 grams and is about the size of a fist.

It is enclosed in a double-walled protective sac called the pericardium. The superficial part of this sac is called the fibrous pericardium. This sac protects the heart, anchors its surrounding structures, and prevents overfilling of the heart with blood.

The outer wall of the human heart is composed of three layers. The outer layer is called the epicardium, or visceral pericardium since it is also the inner wall of the pericardium. The middle layer is called the myocardium and is composed of muscle which contracts. The inner layer is called the endocardium and is in contact with the blood that the heart pumps. Also, it merges with the inner lining (endothelium) of blood vessels and covers heart valves.

The human heart has four chambers, two superior atria and two inferior ventricles. The atria are the receiving chambers and the ventricles are the discharging chambers.

The pathways of blood through the human heart are part of the pulmonary and systemic circuits. These pathways include the tricuspid valve, the mitral valve, the aortic valve, and the pulmonary valve. The mitral and tricuspid valves are classified as the atrioventricular (AV) valves. This is because they are found between the atria and ventricles. The aortic and pulmonary semi-lunar valves separate the left and right ventricle from the pulmonary artery and the aorta respectively.

The interatrioventricular septum separates the left atrium and ventricle from the right atrium and ventricle, dividing the heart into two functionally separate and anatomically distinct units.